Prevalence of thalassaemia, iron-deficiency anaemia and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency among Arab migrating nomad children, southern Islamic Republic of Iran

This study investigated the prevalence of iron-deficiency anaemia, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase [G6PD] deficiency and beta-thalassaemia trait among Arab migrating nomad children in southern Islamic Republic of Iran. Blood samples were analysed from 134 schoolchildren aged < 18 years [51 males, 83 females]. Low serum ferritin [< 12 ng/dL] was present in 17.9% of children [21.7% in females and 11.8% in males]. Low haemoglobin [Hb] correlated significantly with a low serum ferritin. Only 1 child had G6PD deficiency. A total of 9.7% of children had HbA2 >/= 3.5 g/ dL, indicating beta-thalassaemia trait [10.8% in females and 7.8% in males]. Mean serum iron, serum ferritin and total iron binding capacity were similar in males and females. Serum ferritin index was as accurate as Hb index in the diagnosis of iron-deficiency anaemia. A high prevalence of beta-thalassaemia trait was the major potential risk factor in this population

Emphysematous pyelonephritis in a transplant kidney

Emphysematous pyelonephritis [EPN] is a severe necrotizing infection of the kidney and its surrounding tis- sues. It is characterized by the production of gas within the kidney and perinephric structures. EPN often affects diabetic women but can also occur in nondiabetic patients who have ureteral obstruction and in im- munocompromised patients. Herein, we report EPN in a 23-year-old woman who had a renal transplantation

[Comparison of the effect of incentive spirometry on pulmonary volumes and arterial blood gases after coronary artery bypass surgery]

Following thoracic and abdominal surgery, all patients experience a decrease in pulmonary volumes and atelectasis. Different methods such as lung physiotherapy, intermittent positive pressure breathing, positive expiratory pressure and incentive spirometry are suggested for improvement of pulmonary volumes and blood gas parameters in these patients. Due to cheap, simple and easy use of incentive spirometry, we aimed at evaluating the effects of it on pulmonary volumes and blood gases parameters [ABG] in coronary artery bypass patients. This is a randomized, clinical trial study. From February 2004 to February 2005, 150 consecutive male patients who were hospitalized for coronary artery bypass surgery in Madani heart hospital were divided into two groups at random. On the first day of operation, group I used incentive spirometry and group II was routinely followed up. Data were collected through a questionnaire including age, left ventricular function [LVEF], smoking and number of grafts. Blood gases parameters and spirornetry volumes were measured in 3 phases before, in the morning of the first day of operation and after using incentive spirometry. Data were analyzed by SPSS software using paired or unpaired student's t-test. There were no significant differences between two groups as to the mean age, LVEF, number of grafts and duration of mechanical ventilation in ICU. Comparison of ABGs before anesthesia and on the first day of surgery showed a significant decrease in systemic O[2] saturation and arterial Po2 in all cases [p<0.001], but no significant differences were found between the second and third phases in both groups. Spirometry parameters showed a decrease of forced expiratory volume in the first second [FEV[1]] and forced vital capacity [FVC] after surgery in all patients [p<0.0001], but by using incentive spirometery, no significant changes in spirometeric pulmonary volumes occurred. Using incentive spirometery on the first day of operation has no significant impact on pulmonary volumes and blood gases parameters

[Nosocomial bacterial infections of clean-contaminated wounds of operated patients in Shahid Beheshti hospital surgical ward-Yasuj 2004]

Nosocomial infections are our of the most important medical problems which cause the diffusion of infectious diseases in society, increase of hospitalized period, additional treatment charges and mortality of affected persons. Since wound infection, after urinary infection, is the most prevalent nosocomial infection, present study has been done with the purpose to determine the rate of nosocomial bacterial infections of clean-contaminated wounds of operated persons. Present research is the descriptive cross-sectional study, in which 300 samples of patients were used who had gone under operation in general surgery ward and were hospitalized for more than 48 hours and had clean-contaminated wound .Data regarding wound infection by wound culture which was done before change dress and according to the variables of age, sex, surgery service, surgical site and surgery type were collected and with the help of SPSS11 software were analyzed. Results showed that, in total 53% of surgery wounds was suffered from nosocomial bacterial infection, which according to the wound culture result, Ecoli and klebsiella [26.4%each], pseudomonas [25.2% and staphilococus [22.01%]were reported. In general, negative gram bacteries were supposed to be the cause of nosocomial bacterial infection of surgery wound [77.4%]. In terms of type of surgery service, the most cases of infection was belong to the neurological surgery service [60.9%] and general surgery service [55.4%].Also, in respect of the type of surgery of burned patients who were grafted, they were having. The maximum infection percentage [90.9%] and significant relation between wound infection and type of surgery [P<.05] was obtained. Pelvic, genital and anus regions are the most prevalent places in which infection growth was there. According to the study findings, of seems that, managers should have proper control on nosocomial infection so that, to reduce the mortality as well as extra charges. This will be achieved only by having implemented infection control committees, infection control nurses and ongoing surveillance of nosocomial infection